Platform

Milk-V Duo S (RISC-V / ARM)

SoC: Sophgo SG2000

RISC-V C906 @ 1GHz (primary)
ARM Cortex-A53 @ 1GHz (alternate)
8051 co-processor @ 8KB SRAM
0.5 TOPS INT8 NPU

Yes — this device has an AI accelerator. Under AB 1043, an AI-capable Linux computer handed to a child without age verification is legally indistinguishable from an iPhone. The iPhone costs $1,199. This costs $12.

Connectivity

512MB DDR3 RAM
WiFi 6 (802.11ax) + BT 5.0
USB 2.0 HOST (Type-A)
100Mbps Ethernet
MicroSD + 8GB eMMC option
SPI GPIO → fbtft display
MIPI DSI 2-lane output
43mm × 43mm

Why RISC-V?

A Raspberry Pi would work. But the Milk-V Duo S on RISC-V establishes that the law applies to novel architectures, not just the ARM/x86 duopoly the legislature was imagining. A RISC-V device running Linux is still a "general purpose computing device" running "operating system software." The instruction set architecture is irrelevant to the statute. We want the AG to have to explain why.

Configuration Tiers

Three Levels of Infraction

Tier 0

"The Pamphlet"

~$6

Minimum viable violation. A bootable Linux device with a display, network connectivity, and an app store. No battery, no keyboard — just proof that this constitutes a regulated device under AB 1043. Good for bulk handout at conferences (50-100 units).

Milk-V Duo 256M (SG2002, no WiFi)
~$5
0.96" SSD1306 128×64 OLED (I2C)
~$1
USB WiFi dongle (RTL8188) via OTG
~$2
Keyboard: 4-pin solder header for USB
$0
MicroSD 4GB + USB-C cable
~$1
Total
~$6-8

Legal status: Arguable. The 128×64 display introduces fuzziness. The AG could claim it's a dev board. That's fine — ambiguity is instructive too.

Tier 1 — Primary

"The Computer"

~$12

An unambiguous general purpose computing device. Color display, keyboard, WiFi, Linux, app store, user setup. The core product. There is no interpretive gap between this device and the law's definitions.

Milk-V Duo S 512M-WiFi (SG2000)
~$12
1.8" ST7735 160×128 TFT SPI (color)
~$2
MicroSD 8GB (Class 10)
~$2
USB mini keyboard (wired)
~$3
USB-C cable
~$1
Total
~$12-17

Legal status: Unambiguous. This is a computer with a color display, keyboard, WiFi, Linux, and an app store. It does not collect age data. It is handed to a child. The maximum fine is $7,500.

Tier 2

"The Appliance"

~$18

A self-contained, battery-powered pocket Linux computer. The educational device angle — a modern descendant of the Acorn BBC Micro and the original Raspberry Pi.

Milk-V Duo S 512M-WiFi-eMMC (8GB)
~$15
2.4" ST7789V 240×320 TFT SPI (full color)
~$4
USB mini keyboard (included)
~$3
3.7V 1000mAh LiPo + TP4056 charger
~$2
3D printed or injection molded case
~$2
Total
~$18-24

Legal status: Beyond unambiguous. A pocket computer with a color screen, keyboard, battery, WiFi, 8GB storage, and an AI accelerator. It costs less than a large pizza. It fits in a child's hand.

Lineage

Computers That Taught Children to Code

1977
Tandy TRS-80
1.77MHz Z80, 4KB RAM, built-in display, cassette. $599.
1981
Acorn BBC Micro
2MHz 6502, 32KB RAM, RF output, cassette. £399. Purpose: teach British schoolchildren to code.
1982
Commodore 64
1MHz 6510, 64KB RAM, RF output, cartridge/cassette. $595.
2012
Raspberry Pi
700MHz ARM, 256MB RAM, HDMI, SD card. $35. Purpose: teach children to code.
2026
Ageless Device Tier 2
1GHz RISC-V, 512MB RAM, WiFi 6, 0.5T NPU, SPI TFT display, USB keyboard, battery. $18. Purpose: teach children to code and demonstrate that the State of California considers this a regulated platform.

These are all general purpose computing devices designed for education. The Ageless Device is the first one that California requires to ask a child how old they are before letting them write their first program.

Build Your Own

How to Create a Violation

Complete Build Instructions — Coming Q3 2026

We will publish complete, tested build instructions including:

Bill of materials with sourcing links (AliExpress, Milk-V direct)
Wiring diagrams for SPI display connection
Kernel build instructions (fbtft framebuffer for ST7735/ST7789V)
Pre-built SD card image (download, flash, boot)
First-boot wizard source code
App store client source code
3D-printable enclosure STL files
Printable device labels and quickstart sheets

Everything needed to produce your own AB 1043 violations at $14/unit in quantities of 50. The build system, image files, application source, and hardware designs will be released under the Unlicense.

Bulk Production (50 units, Tier 1)

Milk-V Duo S WiFi × 50 (bulk)
$500
ST7735 1.8" SPI TFT × 50 (AliExpress)
$75
MicroSD 8GB × 50 (bulk)
$75
Dupont jumper wires × 50
$15
USB-C cables × 50
$25
Printed labels + quickstarts × 50
$13
Total (50 units)
~$703
Per unit cost
~$14

Maximum statutory penalty (50 devices, all to children): $375,000
Penalty-to-cost ratio: 535:1

Distribution

Where the Devices Go

School STEM Fairs
Children ages 8-17. Tier 1 or 2. Educational computer with Python.
CHILDREN
Library Maker Spaces
All ages, emphasis on teens. Tier 1. Programming introduction.
TEENS
Ham Radio Events
Mixed ages. Tier 1. RISC-V SBC demo + regulatory commentary.
MIXED
Hacker/Maker Cons
Adults + teens. Tier 0. Bulk handout, 50-100 units.
BULK
LUG Meetups
Mostly adults. Tier 0 or 1. Community awareness.
ADULTS

Every device carries a printed label:

AGELESS LINUX
General Purpose Computing Device
OS: Debian Linux (RISC-V) · Provider: FFwF Robotics LLC
AB 1043 STATUS: NONCOMPLIANT
This device does not collect, store, or transmit the age of its user.
This is intentional. · § 1798.500(g) · § 1798.501(a)(1-3)